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abc:standard:v2.1:proposals:transposition:v3 [2012/01/20 16:07] cwalshaw |
abc:standard:v2.1:proposals:transposition:v3 [2012/01/20 17:46] cwalshaw |
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| * In essence it extends the initial scoretranspose syntax proposed there and is not dissimilar from a recent proposal outlined in message [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/abcusers/message/6206|6026]]. | * In essence it extends the initial scoretranspose syntax proposed there and is not dissimilar from a recent proposal outlined in message [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/abcusers/message/6206|6026]]. | ||
| * It also fleshes out the ideas of [[#enharmonic indicators]] and [[#writing abc code for transposing instruments]] | * It also fleshes out the ideas of [[#enharmonic indicators]] and [[#writing abc code for transposing instruments]] | ||
| - | * Following a vote on syntax in message [[??|??]] it also includes instrument-centric syntax as an alias for musicians who play transposing instruments and prefer the established musical vernacular for describing their transposition | + | * Following a vote on syntax in message [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/abcusers/message/6634|6634]] it also includes instrument-centric syntax as an alias for musicians who play transposing instruments and prefer the established musical vernacular for describing their transposition |
| - | * The exact syntax is yet to be decided - choices needs to be made between: | + | * There are still some discussions to be had |
| - | * ''sounding pitch'' or ''concert pitch'' (not part of the syntax, but very important) | + | * A better syntax for ''I:shift to-sounding'' |
| - | * ''scoretranspose'', ''shift-score'' (used here), ''print-transpose'' (used in message [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/abcusers/message/6206|6026]]), or something else | + | * Whether to deprecate ''transpose='' |
| - | * ''transpose'', ''shift-sound'' (used here), ''currently-transposed'' (used in message [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/abcusers/message/6206|6026]]), or something else | + | * The ''I:transposition'' directive |
| - | * ''I:shift to-sounding'' (used here) or ''concert-score'' (used in message [[http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/abcusers/message/6206|6026]]), or something else | + | * All the //TODO// indicators below |
| + | * Other suggestions made on the abcusers mailing list | ||
| ==== 4.6 Clefs and transposition ==== | ==== 4.6 Clefs and transposition ==== | ||
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| // ... unchanged ... // | // ... unchanged ... // | ||
| - | * ''[shift-<type>=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - the shift modifiers are provided for transposition and transposing instruments. They shift either the sound or the typeset score in the current voice by the number of semitones indicated; positive numbers shift up, negative down. The ''<enharmonic indicator>'' can optionally be used to clarify which key is meant - for more details see [[#enharmonic indicators|enharmonic indicators]]. | + | * ''[shift-<type>=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - the ''shift'' modifiers are provided for transposition and transposing instruments. They shift either the sound or the typeset score in the current voice by the number of semitones indicated; positive numbers shift up, negative down. The ''<enharmonic indicator>'' can optionally be used to clarify which key is meant - for more details see [[#enharmonic indicators|enharmonic indicators]]. |
| * ''[shift-sound=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - for playback, shift the sound in the current voice. This setting does not affect the typeset score. | * ''[shift-sound=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - for playback, shift the sound in the current voice. This setting does not affect the typeset score. | ||
| * ''[shift-score=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - for typesetting, shift the typeset score in the current voice. This setting does not affect playback. | * ''[shift-score=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - for typesetting, shift the typeset score in the current voice. This setting does not affect playback. | ||
| * ''[shift-both=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - for typesetting and playback, combines both and is equivalent to ''[shift-sound=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]] [shift-score=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]''. | * ''[shift-both=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]'' - for typesetting and playback, combines both and is equivalent to ''[shift-sound=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]] [shift-score=<semitones>[<enharmonic indicator>]]''. | ||
| - | * ''[instrument=<key>[<octave>]] [pitch=sounding | written]'' - aid with [[#writing abc code for transposing instruments]] by mimicking typical verbal usage for such instruments and act as aliases for ''shift-sound'' and ''shift-score''. For more information see [[#writing abc code for transposing instruments]]. | + | * ''[instrument=<key>[<octave>]] [pitch=sounding | written]'' - the ''instrument'' and ''pitch'' modifiers aid with [[#writing abc code for transposing instruments]] by mimicking typical verbal usage for such instruments and act as aliases for ''shift-sound'' and ''shift-score''. For more information see [[#writing abc code for transposing instruments]]. |
| // ... unchanged ... // | // ... unchanged ... // | ||
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| The ''I:transposition <semitones>'' directive is equivalent to applying ''shift-score=<semitones>'' and ''shift-sound=<semitones>'' to every ''K:'' field in the tune (file) and therefore the rest of this section is written in terms of the ''shift'' modifiers. | The ''I:transposition <semitones>'' directive is equivalent to applying ''shift-score=<semitones>'' and ''shift-sound=<semitones>'' to every ''K:'' field in the tune (file) and therefore the rest of this section is written in terms of the ''shift'' modifiers. | ||
| - | For details of how the ''I:transposition <semitones>'' directive combines with existing ''shift'' modifiers in the tune (i.e. in a tune that has one or more voices written for transposing instruments), see [[??]]. | + | For details of how the ''I:transposition <semitones>'' directive combines with existing ''shift'' modifiers in the tune (i.e. in a tune that has one or more voices written for transposing instruments), see [[#transposition for transposing instruments]]. |
| === 4.6.2 Enharmonic indicators === | === 4.6.2 Enharmonic indicators === | ||
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| 1. The sopranino saxophone is in high Eb and so would be written ''instrument=Eb+1''. The ''shift'' equivalents are therefore ''shift-score=-3'' (9 - 12) and the ''shift-sound=+3'' (-9 + 12). | 1. The sopranino saxophone is in high Eb and so would be written ''instrument=Eb+1''. The ''shift'' equivalents are therefore ''shift-score=-3'' (9 - 12) and the ''shift-sound=+3'' (-9 + 12). | ||
| 2. The tenor saxophone is in low Bb and so would be written ''instrument=Bb-1''. The ''shift'' equivalents are therefore ''shift-score=+14'' (2 + 12) and the ''shift-sound=-14'' (-2 - 12). | 2. The tenor saxophone is in low Bb and so would be written ''instrument=Bb-1''. The ''shift'' equivalents are therefore ''shift-score=+14'' (2 + 12) and the ''shift-sound=-14'' (-2 - 12). | ||
| - | |||
| - | ----- | ||
| // Extended example: // Suppose a Bb clarinet player and a violinist wish to play the same piece which simply consists of the notes CDEF in the key of C. | // Extended example: // Suppose a Bb clarinet player and a violinist wish to play the same piece which simply consists of the notes CDEF in the key of C. | ||
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| Either will also be rendered by abc playback software as the notes ''CDEF'' (i.e. shifted down two semitones) and by abc typesetting software as above. | Either will also be rendered by abc playback software as the notes ''CDEF'' (i.e. shifted down two semitones) and by abc typesetting software as above. | ||
| - | ----- | + | == Enharmonic indicators for transposing instruments == |
| Enharmonic distinctions can be determined using the ''shift'' variant and the [[#semitone shift table]]. | Enharmonic distinctions can be determined using the ''shift'' variant and the [[#semitone shift table]]. | ||
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| K:E shift-score=+2 | K:E shift-score=+2 | ||
| | | ||
| - | === 4.6.4 Shift directives === | + | To access other enharmonic choices, the ''shift-score'' (or ''shift-sound'') modifier should be used directly, although it can be used alongside the ''instrument'' and ''pitch'' modifiers (which are effectively ignored). |
| - | == Shift to-sounding == | + | // Example: // In the following, the ''shift-score=+2b'' indicates that the resulting score should be typeset as if the key signature were ''K:Gb'' rather than ''K:F#'' (although this would be an unusual way to write for a Bb instrument): |
| + | K:E instrument=Bb pitch=sounding shift-score=+2b | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Transposition for transposing instruments == | ||
| + | |||
| + | If the ''I:transpose'' directive is used for a tune which has one or more voices written for transposing instruments, then the transposition is combined with the transposing instrument by adding together the equivalent ''shift-score'' and ''shift-sound'' modifiers. | ||
| + | |||
| + | // Example: // Consider the following excerpt: | ||
| + | I:transposition 7 | ||
| + | V:clarinet instrument=Bb score=sounding | ||
| + | K:C | ||
| + | CDEF| | ||
| + | The ''I:transposition 7'' directive is equivalent to applying ''shift-score=7'' and ''shift-sound=7'' to every key signature. Meanwhile the ''instrument=Bb score=sounding'' is equivalent to ''shift-sound=2''. The excerpt above is therefore equivalent to: | ||
| + | V:clarinet shift-score=9 shift-sound=2 | ||
| + | K:C | ||
| + | CDEF| | ||
| + | |||
| + | // TODO: // Decide a sensible rule for combining enharmonic indicators - e.g. what happens if you combine ''shift-score=6#'' with ''shift-score=11b''? | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Extracting a score in sounding / concert pitch == | ||
| When included in the tune header (or even the file header) the ''I:shift to-sounding'' directive can be used to typeset a complete score (or even all the scores in a file) at //sounding pitch//. To accomplish this it effectively ignores all of the ''shift-score'' modifiers and treats all of the ''shift-sound'' modifiers as if they were ''shift-both''. | When included in the tune header (or even the file header) the ''I:shift to-sounding'' directive can be used to typeset a complete score (or even all the scores in a file) at //sounding pitch//. To accomplish this it effectively ignores all of the ''shift-score'' modifiers and treats all of the ''shift-sound'' modifiers as if they were ''shift-both''. | ||
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| CDEF| | CDEF| | ||
| | | ||
| - | == Shift none == | ||
| - | |||
| - | When the ''I:shift none'' directive is included in the file header (or tune header), all the ''shift'' modifiers in the file (or tune) will be ignored. | ||
| - | // Comment: // The ''I:shift none'' directive is most useful to cancel ''shift-both'' modifiers - see [[#one-off transposition]]. | ||