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abc:standard:v2.1 [2012/06/18 05:05] cwalshaw [11. Stylesheet directives and pseudo-comments] |
abc:standard:v2.1 [2015/07/04 09:39] cwalshaw [Contents] |
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* [[#rests|4.5 Rests]] | * [[#rests|4.5 Rests]] | ||
* [[#clefs and transposition|4.6 Clefs and transposition]] | * [[#clefs and transposition|4.6 Clefs and transposition]] | ||
+ | * [[#Clefs|4.6.1 Clefs]] | ||
+ | * [[#Stafflines|4.6.2 Stafflines]] | ||
+ | * [[#The octave modifier|4.6.3 The octave modifier]] | ||
+ | * [[#Scope and inheritance of modifiers|4.6.4 Scope and inheritance of modifiers]] | ||
+ | * [[#Application specific modifiers|4.6.5 Application specific modifiers]] | ||
* [[#beams|4.7 Beams]] | * [[#beams|4.7 Beams]] | ||
* [[#repeat_bar_symbols|4.8 Repeat/bar symbols]] | * [[#repeat_bar_symbols|4.8 Repeat/bar symbols]] | ||
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* ''[<line number>]'' - indicates on which staff line the base clef is written. Defaults are: treble: ''2''; alto: ''3''; tenor: ''4''; bass: ''4''. | * ''[<line number>]'' - indicates on which staff line the base clef is written. Defaults are: treble: ''2''; alto: ''3''; tenor: ''4''; bass: ''4''. | ||
* ''[+8 | -8]'' - draws '8' above or below the staff. The player will transpose the notes one octave higher or lower. | * ''[+8 | -8]'' - draws '8' above or below the staff. The player will transpose the notes one octave higher or lower. | ||
- | * ''[middle=<pitch>]'' - is an alternate way to define the line number of the clef. The pitch indicates what note is displayed on the 3rd line of the staff. Defaults are: treble: ''B''; alto: ''C''; tenor: ''A,''; bass: ''D,''; none: ''B''. | + | * ''[middle=<pitch>]'' - is an alternate way to define the line number of the clef. The pitch indicates what note is displayed on the 3rd line of the staff. Defaults are: treble: ''B''; alto: ''C''; tenor: ''A,''; bass: ''D,''; none: ''B''. This setting does not affect the playback. |
* ''[transpose=<semitones>]'' - for playback, transpose the current voice by the indicated amount of semitones; positive numbers transpose up, negative down. This setting does not affect the printed score. The default is 0. | * ''[transpose=<semitones>]'' - for playback, transpose the current voice by the indicated amount of semitones; positive numbers transpose up, negative down. This setting does not affect the printed score. The default is 0. | ||
* ''[octave=<number>]'' to raise (positive number) or lower (negative number) the [[#music code definition|music code]] in the current voice by one or more octaves. This usage can help to avoid the need to write lots of apostrophes or commas to raise or lower notes. | * ''[octave=<number>]'' to raise (positive number) or lower (negative number) the [[#music code definition|music code]] in the current voice by one or more octaves. This usage can help to avoid the need to write lots of apostrophes or commas to raise or lower notes. | ||
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Note that although this standard supports the drum clef, there is currently no support for special percussion notes. | Note that although this standard supports the drum clef, there is currently no support for special percussion notes. | ||
- | The middle specifier can be handy when working in the bass clef. Setting ''K:bass middle=d'' will save you from adding comma specifiers to the notes. The specifier may be abbreviated to ''m=''. | + | The middle specifier can be handy when working in the bass clef. Setting ''K:bass middle=d transpose=-24'' will save you from adding comma specifiers to the notes (the ''transpose'' setting is required to get the playback sounding at the correct pitch). The specifier may be abbreviated to ''m=''. |
The transpose specifier is useful, for example, for a Bb clarinet, for which the music is written in the key of C although the instrument plays it in the key of Bb: | The transpose specifier is useful, for example, for a Bb clarinet, for which the music is written in the key of C although the instrument plays it in the key of Bb: | ||
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V:T1 clef=treble-8 name="Tenore I" snm="T.I" | V:T1 clef=treble-8 name="Tenore I" snm="T.I" | ||
V:T2 clef=treble-8 name="Tenore II" snm="T.II" | V:T2 clef=treble-8 name="Tenore II" snm="T.II" | ||
- | V:B1 middle=d clef=bass name="Basso I" snm="B.I" | + | V:B1 middle=d clef=bass name="Basso I" snm="B.I" transpose=-24 |
- | V:B2 middle=d clef=bass name="Basso II" snm="B.II" | + | V:B2 middle=d clef=bass name="Basso II" snm="B.II" transpose=-24 |
K:Gm | K:Gm | ||
% End of header, start of tune body: | % End of header, start of tune body: | ||
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{{:abc:standard:multivoice-80.png}} | {{:abc:standard:multivoice-80.png}} | ||
- | |||
- | You can listen to the audible output (as MIDI) [[http://abcnotation.com/media/standard/multivoice.mid|here]]. | ||
''V:'' can appear both in the body and the header. In the latter case, ''V:'' is used exclusively to set voice properties. For example, the ''name'' property in the example above, specifies which label should be printed on the first staff of the voice in question. Note that these properties may be also set or changed in the [[#tune body definition|tune body]]. The ''V:'' properties are fully explained [[#voice properties|below]]. | ''V:'' can appear both in the body and the header. In the latter case, ''V:'' is used exclusively to set voice properties. For example, the ''name'' property in the example above, specifies which label should be printed on the first staff of the voice in question. Note that these properties may be also set or changed in the [[#tune body definition|tune body]]. The ''V:'' properties are fully explained [[#voice properties|below]]. | ||
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* [[#information directives|Section 11.4.6 Information directives]]: The statement "Note that the ''<nowiki>%%</nowiki>writefields'' directive does not apply to instruction-type fields, such as parts (P) and tempo (Q)" has now been removed, as it conflicted with other information in the same section (8th Jan 2012). | * [[#information directives|Section 11.4.6 Information directives]]: The statement "Note that the ''<nowiki>%%</nowiki>writefields'' directive does not apply to instruction-type fields, such as parts (P) and tempo (Q)" has now been removed, as it conflicted with other information in the same section (8th Jan 2012). | ||
* [[#chord symbols|Section 4.18 Chord symbols]]: Typo: ''sustained'' corrected to ''suspended'' (26th May 2012). | * [[#chord symbols|Section 4.18 Chord symbols]]: Typo: ''sustained'' corrected to ''suspended'' (26th May 2012). | ||
+ | * [[#clefs and transposition|Section 4.6 Clefs and transposition]]: following discussion, this section has been corrected to clarify that the ''middle'' setting does not affect the playback (since there is no consistent way that it can do so). The [[#multiple voices|Zocharti Loch example]] has been corrected and its accompanying midi file (which has persisted unchanged from abc draft 2.0, and which seemed to indicate ''middle'' might, in some circumstances, affect the playback) has been removed (20th February 2013). | ||
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